[Upper urinary tract infections in adults: about 261 episodes]

Upper urinary tract infections are frequent. Escherichia coli is the main pathogen identified from community acquired infections. We aim to study epidemiologic, clinical and bacterial features of this infection. We identified 261 episodes that occurred in241 patients. They were 213 females and 48 males aged of 48, 75 years. Enterobacteriaceae were the main pathogens isolated in 93,5%: E. coli in 73,3% and Klebsiella pneumoniae in 15,3%. E.coli sensitivity was of 30% for amoxicillin, 98% for cefotaxim, 96% for gentamicin, 90% for ciprofloxaine and 56% for co-trimoxazole. Anterior antibiotic use was associated with low E. coli sensitivity mainly with fluoroquinolones [96 vs 77%] and co-trimoxazole [62 vs 43%]. This enhances the role of antibiotic pressure on the resistance emergence. The reasonable use of antibiotics is necessary to limit resistance extent

[Mucormycosis: four case reports]

Mucormycosis is a rare and invasive fungal infection, but frequently fatal when it occurs. It commonly affects patients with diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study is to assess the clinical presentation, radiological findings, management and prognosis of mucormycosis. This retrospective study was conducted in the department of infectious diseases of Rabta hospital between January 1988 and December 2004 and included patients hospitalized for mucormycosis confirmed by mycological and/or histological findings. The study is about four diabetic patients with mucormycosis [3 men and a woman]. Three of them had diabetic ketoacidosis at the time of diagnosis. The infection was sinusal in 2 cases and rhinocerebral in the other two cases. Treatment consisted in systemic amphotericin B combined with surgical debridement in 3 cases. A fatal outcome was noted in 2 cases. Mucormycosis remains a severe infectious disease in diabetic patients. Early diagnosis and treatment is mandatory for a successful management of this infection

toxocarose: Une pathologie sous-estimee. A propos de 9 cas

Toxocariasis or visceral larva migrans is a parasitosis due to the migration in the human organism of animal ascarid larvae. Its importance is under estimated and the reported Tunisian cases are rare. We report nine cases of toxocariasis, noted between January of 2000 to march of 2002, in the laboratory of parasitology mycology in la Rabta hospital. They were six children and three adults. The clinical forms are varied: ophthalmologic form [5 cases], general syndrome [1 case], oedema [1 case] and hypereosinophilia [2 cases], and confirmed serologically by the presence of anti toxocara canis antibody using ELISA test. Visceral larva migrans should be kept in mind to avoid severe forms such as ophthalmologic forms